Machine foe



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN D. DALE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHINE FOR PLANING- MOLDINGS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 9,516, dated January 4, 1853.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, JOHN D. DALE, of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machinery for Planing Moldings, and that the following is a full, clear, and eXact description thereof, reference being. had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which- Figure 1, is a plan; Fig. 2, a side elevation; Figs. 3 and l, longitudinal vertical sections taken at the lines A-a and B-b of Fig. l.

The same letters indicate like parts in all the figures.

IIn my said improved machine the planingis effected by one planing iron which during the passage of the wood under it is xed, for each successive operation is moved nearer to the bed so as to produce the molding by successive operations.

The nature of the first part of my invention consists in attaching the planing iron to a hinged sliding adjustable stock, so that the plate to which the planing iron is attached can be turned up to sharpen the planing iron without detaching it and can be set for each succeeding cut by an adjusting screw. l

The second part of my invention consists in so connecting by mechanical movement the sliding adjustable plane iron with a movable mouthpiece to make pressure on the surface to be planed, directly in front of the plane iron and of corresponding form, that as the plane iron is adjusted for each succeeding shaving the said mouth-piece shall 'receive a corresponding adjustment by a differential movement being imparted to it that the relative positions of the two may be proportional to the thickness of the shaving to be cut.

In the accompanying drawings a represents the frame and b the fixed bed on which the lumber to be planed is made to pass as it is fed in between two sets of rollers c, c, and d, el, the lower set 0, c, working in fixed bearings, and the upper set d, d, in adjustable bearings kept down by weighted levers or their equivalents in the usual manner.

The upper set of rollers d, d, may be covered or surrounded with india-rubber e, c, or other elastic substance to insure a firm and constant bite and to prevent slipping, as it is important in planing with what are termed line cutters that the feed should be constant and without jerks. The lower set of rollers are provided each with a cog wheel f, and the two engage an intermediate wheel g, on a driving shaft h, and the upper rollers are connected with joint couplings with two shafts d, z', that receive motions by cog-wheels j, j, from the wheels of the two lower rollers. The levers for making pressure on the upper rollers are not represented, as the method of doing this is well known and makes no part of my invention.

As the lumber is forced forward by the feed rollers it first passes between two plates fr, 7c, one on each edge, which make pressure on the edges of the lumber, and constitute what are termed throats to hold the lumber and break the shavings as the plane irons remove the surplus material;

The inner faces of these are a little inclined inward, so as to make the pressure on the wood just in front of the cutting edges. Each one of these throat pieces is attached toa block Z, which is adapted to slide horizontally by means of a screw m, that carries a cog-wheel n on its outer end, so that when these two screws are turned, the throat pieces are moved inward or outward to set them to different widths of lumber.

The two throat pieces are mounted alike and therefore the description of one will suit the other.

Just back of the two blocks Z, Z, are two other like blocks 0, 0, mounted and operated in like manner, and these carry each a plane iron p adapted to shave or plane the edges of the lumber. These plane irons are placed with their cutting edges just far enough back of the throat pieces to leave a free passage of the shavings. The screw shaft 'Q' that carries these blocks 0, 0, are geared with the other screw shafts of the blocks that carry the throat pieces by a cog-wheel r, which is a little less in diameter than the wheel on the shaft that operates the throat piece, so that when the plane irons and throat-pieces are set to take the first shaving the throat piece shall be further out than the plane iron by the thickness of the thick shaving to be cut, and aS the two are moved in for each succeeding cut, the throat-piece gains on the plane iron to adapt the relative position of the two to the gradually reduced thickness. 0f the shavings as the work progresses to the last finishing shaving. After passing the plane irons above described, the lumber passes over a plane iron Si, fitted to the bed of the machine simply to smooth the under surface. A frame s is mounted on the ybed with sufficient space between its standards for the passage of the lumber. These standards t, t, are inclined backward and form ways in which slides a plate t governed by a set screw u, by means of which the said plate can be forced down toward or drawn up from the bed. To the upper and front edge of this said plate is hinged a plane stock c, to which the plane iron w is secured in the usual way.

The plane iron has its Vedge made of a form the reverse of the molding to be produced. From this it will be seen that the plane iron can be adjusted readily to any required distance from the bed, and that by reason of the hinged connection the plane iron can be thrown up to admit of sharpening without removing it from the machine. Immediately in front of the plane iron fw, Vt-here is a pressure block whose back edge and under face are formed the reverse of the intended molding. This pressure block is attached to a frame y, united to the main frame z', and at the side of pressure block the said frame is provided with a spring a formed with a socket a to receive the end of a set screw b tapped in a bracket c', jointed to the sliding plate that carries the plane stock. From this it will be seen that by means of the screw b the distance of the pressure block from the bed can be adjusted relatively to the plane iron, and that being once set as the plane iro-n is drawn farther from the bed, the back edge of the pressure block will receive from the cutter edge in the same proportion so as to have these two always correspond in their distance relatively to the thickness of shaving to be removed, so that the said pressure block will answer the e'ective purpose of a mouth piece to break the shaving, while by its spring connection it will yield to any inequality in the thickness of the lumber, the distance between the tw'oal- Ways varying in proportion to the extent of the yielding of the spring to suit the thickness of the shavings.

As the pressure block and the cutting edge of the plane iron are in form the reverse of the molding to be produced, it will follow that at the rst cut the most prominent parts only will act, and for each succeeding cut a greater proportion will act until the entire figure is produced.

Back of the bed there are two other sets of rollers d', d', and e, e', like the front rollers above described, and operated in like manner, but instead of each one of the upper rollers being covered with an elastic substance, I employ a belt f of vulcanized india-rubber or other elastic substance which passes around the two upper rollers, and therefore interposed between the rollers and the planed surface of the molding to avoid injury to such planed irregular surface. I generally make the elastic belt of sufcient thickness to yield to the curved and angular surface of the molding, and thus take the requisite bite of the wood to feed it through after the lumber haspassed from under the feeding rollers.

I do not wish to limitmyself to the number of knives or rollers to be used, nor to the manner of operating the rollers, as these may be varied at pleasure. And I wish it to be understood that I do notwish to limit myself to the use of all'my improvements in one machine, although the best results Awill be produced by the employment of all of them.

What 'I claim as my invention, `and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Att-aching the planing iron to a plane stock which is hinged to an adjustable sliding plate, substantially as specified, by means -of which combination the plane iron can vbe readily thrown up to be sharpened without the necessity of taking it outxof the machine as set fort-h.

2. I also claim the adjustable sliding plane, substantially such as described, when combined with the separate movable mouthpiece by 'the means substantially such vas herein described, so that in setting the plane iron, a differential motion is given to the mouth-piece in order to vary to any desired thickness the shaving that .when the pla-ne is set to cut a thick or a thin shaving the mouth-piece shall receive a corresponding set, as described.

JOHN D. DALE.

Witnesses:

CANSTEN BROWN, JOHN K. HAMLIN. 

